**Xhamia Mbret (The Royal Mosque): A Historical and Architectural Marvel**
**Overview:**
Xhamia Mbret, also known as the Sultan Bajazit Mosque, stands as a testament to Berat’s rich history, undergoing transformations since its initial construction in the late 15th century. Renovations in 1832-1833 preserved this cultural and religious monument, securing its place in the social-faith complex alongside tekes, libraries, and dervish residences. Notable features include two monumental tombs and a minaret base from the 15th century.
**Architecture:**
– **Minaret Base:** Dating back to the late 15th century, the minaret’s base showcases the claustron technique.
**19th-Century Additions:** In the 19th century, a large northern portico was added to accommodate the growing number of worshippers. The portico, slightly wider than the prayer hall, features arcades supported by stone columns and pilasters.
– **Interior Composition:** Xhamia Mbret stands out for its distinctive interior composition. The prayer hall, illuminated by six windows, features three entrances and a mezzanine built into the northern portico.
**Interior Features:**
– **Mihrab:** The mihrab, with intricate bas-reliefs, is situated on the eastern side.
– **Minbar:** A raised minbar with stairs serves as the imam’s place during religious ceremonies.
**Mafils:** Beautifully crafted mafils, elevated with wooden columns, provide additional prayer space in the portico. External stone stairs lead to the mafil from the eastern entrance.
**Architectural Details:**
– **Ceiling:** The wooden ceiling, a masterpiece of artistic craftsmanship, incorporates rosettes, wood carvings, and vibrant colors.
**Entrance to Mafil:** External stone stairs, adjacent to the eastern entrance, lead to the mafil.
**Dating and Restoration:**
– **First Phase:** The initial construction aligns with the reign of Sultan Bajazit II (1481-1512), supported by inscriptions deciphered on the mosque’s mafil. Archaeologist Leon Rey suggests a dating of 1492 based on the name.
– **Second Phase:** In the mid-19th century, a partial reconstruction included the addition of a stone colonnade and the restoration of the prayer hall, mimicking the technique of stone squaring and tile fragment placement.
**Visitor Information:**
– **Operating Hours:** 08:30 – 18:00; No entrance fee.
– **Dress Code:** Visitors are requested to respect the dress code.
– **Prayer Times:** Avoid entering during prayer times out of respect for worshippers.
Xhamia Mbret stands as a living testament to Berat’s historical and architectural richness, inviting visitors to explore its cultural significance.
Visitor Information:
